Understanding 'Interstellar"( for people who have seen the movie)

The movie, 'Interstellar', directed by Chris Nolan is a science fiction thriller about  a rotting Earth, plagued with dust storms and unlivable conditions, and how NASA tries to find a new home for our people. The movie received critical acclaim for its special effects and filmography. However, like many of Nolan's movies, it was difficult to understand after seeing it for the first time. Some of the explanations are:
GARGANTUA:
The massive black hole in the movie was a strange sight. It looked like a planet as it had a steady ring of light around it. This was only because of the black hole's immense gravitational pull, which actually causes light to bend around it and orbit it. Gargantua was not a black hole at all. It was created by the mysterious 'them' and was a pathway into the 5th dimension or the so called 'Tesseract' which allowed time to be viewed as a physical dimension and allowed Cooper to relay gravitational messages to Murphy so that she could interpret it. This is why Cooper wasn't instantly killed when he was sucked in by the black hole. In actual theory this is not possible, but for the sake of the story, it was displayed like this.
TIME DILATION:
Many times during the movie we've heard Cooper saying 'this thing will cost us a certain amount of time'. On the first planet they landed on, gravity was much stronger and the proximity to the black hole made time go slower relative to them( 1 hour=7 years on Earth, to be exact). This is because of general relativity, which says if an object bends space, time is also 'bent', and it goes slower. The same principle applied to them losing 50 odd years when they shot around Gargantua, only this time the bending was much more so the time lost was more pronounced.
WHO IS 'THEM'?
Initially, it was thought that the people who 'placed' the wormhole in place were actually aliens who had mastered 5 and maybe more dimensions and could manipulate time and gravity. This could be true but later Cooper(in the Tesseract) says they brought themselves to that point, implying it was simply them in the future and they had achieved these higher levels of perception. Who knows what was actually the case? The problem with time travel is that an infinite cycle is created, where there is always a future 'you'. Don't worry if this is baffling. No one else understood it either. The unanswered question is then: 'How did the humans master 5 dimensions the first time, before they traveled ahead?
TARS
Tars was a high tech robot built for the purpose of helping scientists and doing manual tasks. It was fully voice automated, with a bit of humor inbuilt. The audience had no idea how Tars managed to be sucked into Gargantua and how it still survived. Apparently it just skimmed past the event horizon and glimpsed the singularity to relay the quantum data, in binary, no less. These seems a little far-fetched, and was the one part of the movie which I couldn't explain.  Again, it seems to go back to the fact that Gargantua wasn't a black hole at all. It was simply a 'black body',designed to allow humans to break the quantum code. It was as if the future beings knew that Murph was the one person who could translate quantum data from Morse code to normal and explain gravity(whew). It was all written, as they say. Tars was high tech, so maybe it could just whizz by in time to glimpse the singularity.
COOPER STATION
At the end of the movie, it was said that Murphy Cooper 'solved gravity', which meant she figured out how to harness it and use it to sustain humans. The station orbiting Saturn looked odd, as it was like a cylinder with weird gravitational properties. You can imagine it as a really miniature version of Earth, which they lived inside, so the inward curvature made sense. Don't ask me how she did it, though. I came up with a theory where there was a mid point of the station where the gravity would change directions, which would explain the humorous baseball hit. It was cool, if nothing else. In science, it resembles what is called an O'Neill cylinder. It was actually an artificial gravity outlet.

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